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Enkapsulasi Kurkumin dalam Liposom Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.)-Gom Arab
ABSTRAK
Kurkumin telah dikenal dan digunakan dalam dunia medis maupun industri. Penggunan metode enkapsulasi pada kurkumin salah satunya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan affinitas kurkumin sehingga lebih fungsional serta meningkatkan stabilitas dan bioavaibilitasnya. Enkapsulasi kurkumin dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan liposom kelapa yang berasal dari paduan fosfolipid kelapa dan kolesterol. Penambahan penggunaan biopolimer seperti gom arab (GA) diharapkan mampu membentuk sistem liposom yang cocok serta meningkatkan sistem enkapsulasi. Penggunaan kolesterol dan GA dilihat pengaruhnya terhadap sistem liposom kelapa-kurkumin meliputi efisiensi enkapsulasi, release, sifat fisik liposom berupa diameter partikel rerata dan potensial zeta, serta aktivitas antioksidan kurkumin pada produk enkapsulasi.
Enkapsulasi kurkumin dalam liposom kelapa dan liposom/gom arab menggunakan metode freeze thaw-thin layer hidration di media simulated gastric fluid/SGF (pH 1,2) dan simulated intestinal fluid/SIF (pH 7,4). Larutan dispersi disonifikasi dan disentrifuse. Enkapsulasi kurkumin-GA dilakukan dengan metode wet hidration. Hasil enkapsulasi dianalisis efisiensi enkapsulasi dan release menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis menggunakan kurva standar kurkumin y=0,1483x+0,0187 dengan R2 = 0,9996. Karekterisasi fisik berupa penentuan ukuran diameter partikel rerata liposom menggunakan PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) dan potensial zeta serta memprediksi interaksi kimia menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red). Uji % inhibisi produk enkapsulasi menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl).
Nilai EE kurkumin pada liposom cenderung naik dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi GA, dan turun dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi kolesterol baik di medium SGF maupun SIF. Kecenderungan yang sama didapat juga pada nilai persen inhibisi DPPH kurkumin produk enkapsulasi dimana meningkat dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi GA. Profil release liposom-kurkumin menjadi lebih cepat dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi kolesterol baik di medium SGF maupun SIF. Bertambahnya konsentrasi GA Pada liposom/GA release kurkumin berlangsung lebih lama 1-5 hari di medium SGF dan 5-10 hari pada medium SIF. Penambahan kolesterol tidak terlalu signifikan terhadap ukuran diameter partikel liposom kelapa. Penambahan GA dalam liposom-kurkumin menigkatkan ukuran diameter partikel liposom dengan rerata ukuran 270-1000 (tipe MLV). Penambahan kolesterol meningkatkan potensial zeta liposom-kurkumin ± 30-40 mV (moderate), penambahan GA menurunkan potensial zeta liposom-kurkumin < ± 30 mV (flokulasi). Data FTIR menunjukan ada pergeseran pada serapan vibrasi -CH3 -CH2 dan C=O yang menginterpretasikan terjadi interaksi van der Waal’s rantai asil fosfolipid dengan kurkumin atau kolesterol, serta pada serapan C-N dan ester P-O-C yang menginterpretasikan terjadi ikatan hidrogen gugus kepala kolin/sefalin fosfolipid dengan GA.
ABSTRACT
Curcumin has been known and used in the medical and industrial world. The use of the encapsulation method in curcumin is done to increase the affinity of curcumin so that it is more functional and increases its stability and bioavailability. Encapsulation of curcumin can be done using coconut liposomes derived from coconut phospholipid alloys and cholesterol. The addition of the use of biopolymers such as Arabic gum (GA) is expected to be able to form a suitable liposome system and improve the encapsulation system. The use of cholesterol and GA seen the effect on coconut-curcumin liposome system includes encapsulation, release efficiency, physical properties of liposomes in the form of mean particle diameter and zeta potential, and antioxidant activity of curcumin in encapsulated products.
The encapsulation of curcumin in coconut liposome and liposomes/GA using the freeze thaw-thin layer hydration method in simulated gastric fluid / SGF media (pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid / SIF (pH 7.4). The dispersion solution is disified and centrifuged. Curcumin-GA encapsulation was carried out by the wet hydration method. The encapsulation results were analyzed by encapsulation and release efficiency using UV-Vis spectrophotometry using a standard curcumin curve y = 0.1483x + 0.0187 with R2 = 0.9996. Physical characterization in the form of determining the average particle diameter size of liposomes using PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) and zeta potential and predicting chemical interactions using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red). % Inhibition test for encapsulated products using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method.
EE curcumin values in liposomes tend to increase with increasing GA concentration, and decrease with increasing cholesterol concentration in both SGF and SIF medium. The same trend was also obtained in the percent value of inhibition of DPPH curcumin encapsulation products which increased with increasing concentration of GA. Liposom-curcumin release profile is faster with increasing cholesterol concentration in both SGF and SIF medium. Increased GA concentration Liposom / GA release curcumin lasts 1-5 days in SGF medium and 5-10 days on SIF medium. Cholesterol addition was not too significant for the diameter of coconut liposome particles. The addition of GA in liposome-curcumin increases the size of the liposome particle diameter with an average size of 270-1000 (MLV type). Cholesterol addition increases the zeta potential of liposom-curcumin ± 30-40 mV (moderate), addition of GA decreases the potential of zeta liposom-curcumin
06S2KIM19III | 06 S2KIM 19-ii | Perpustakaan FSM Undip (Referensi) | Tersedia |
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