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Pengaruh Mulsa Plastik Terhadap Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda dan Kualitas Tanah Berdasarkan Indeks QBS-ar di Lahan Pertanian Kentang Dieng
ABSTRAK
Dian Agustina. 24020116420013. Pengaruh Mulsa Plastik Terhadap Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda dan Kualitas Tanah Berdasarkan Indeks QBS-ar di Lahan Pertanian Kentang Dieng, dibawah bimbingan Udi Tarwotjo dan Rully Rahadian.
Lahan pertanian kentang di Dieng memiliki masalah degradasi lahan yang menyebabkan hasil panen semakin menurun, sehingga para petani menerapkan mulsa plastik untuk meningkatkan hasil panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa plastik terhadap struktur komunitas mikroartropoda tanah dan mengevaluasi efektifitas penggunaan mulsa plastik terhadap kualitas tanah berdasarkan indeks kualitas tanah secara biologi (QBS-ar), selain itu juga untuk mengetahui faktor abiotik yang paling berpengaruh terhadap struktur komunitas mikroartropoda dan indeks QBS-ar. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan di enam lokasi berbeda sesuai pada kondisi di Dieng yang memiliki kontur datar dan miring yaitu di lahan datar dengan mulsa, lahan miring dengan mulsa, lahan datar tanpa mulsa, lahan miring tanpa mulsa, lahan hutan datar, dan lahan hutan miring. Mikroartropoda diekstraksi dari sampel tanah menggunakan metode Berlese Funnel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indeks keanekaragaman mikroartropoda pada kontur datar di lahan bermulsa lebih tinggi dibandingkan di lahan tanpa mulsa, sebaliknya pada kontur miring indeks keanekaragaman mikroartropoda di lahan bermulsa lebih rendah dibandingkan di lahan tanpa mulsa. Kepadatan mikroartropoda tertinggi di lahan bermulsa pada kontur datar maupun miring terdapat pada takson Oribatida sedangkan kepadatan mikroartropoda yang tertinggi di lahan tanpa mulsa pada kontur datar maupun miring terdapat pada takson Collembola. Penggunaan mulsa plastik terbukti efektif dalam menjaga kualitas tanah berdasarkan niilai indeks QBS-ar di lahan pertanian kentang menggunakan mulsa plastik lebih tinggi daripada di lahan pertanian tanpa mulsa plastik, terlepas pada kontur datar maupun miring. Indeks QBS-ar memiliki korelasi paling kuat dengan kandungan bahan organik.
Kata kunci: QBS-ar, struktur komunitas, mikroartropoda, mulsa plastik
ABSTRACT
Dian Agustina. 24020116420013. The Effect of Plastic Mulch on Community Structure of Microarthropods and Soil Quality Based on the QBS-ar Index in Dieng Potato Farming, under the guidance of Udi Tarwotjo and Rully Rahadian.
Potato farmland in Dieng has land degradation problems which cause crop yields to decline, so farmers apply plastic mulch to increase crop yields. This study aims to determine the effect of plastic mulch on the community structure of soil microarthropods and evaluate the effectiveness of using plastic mulch on soil quality based on biological soil quality index (QBS-ar), it was also to find the most influential abiotic factors on the microarthropod community structure and QBS-ar index. Soil sampling was conducted in six different locations according to conditions in Dieng which had flat and sloping contours, i.e., flat land with mulch, sloped land with mulch, the flat land without mulch, sloped land without mulch, flat forest land, and sloped forest land. Microarthropods was extracted from soil samples using a Berlese Funnel method. The results showed a diversity index of microarthropods on flat contours on mulch land higher than on land without mulch, whereas on a sloping contour the microartropod diversity index in mulch land was lower than in land without mulch. The highest density of microarthropods in mulched land on flat or sloping contours is in the Oribatida taxon while the highest density of microarthropods on land without mulch on flat or sloping contours is in the Collembola taxon. The use of plastic mulch has proven effective in maintaining soil quality based on the QBS-ar index value in potato farms with plastic mulch higher than on agricultural land without plastic mulch, regardless of flat or sloping contours. The QBS-ar index has the strongest correlation with organic matter content.
Keywords: QBS-ar, community structure, microarthropods, plastic mulch
050S2BIO19III | 050 S2BIO 19-ii | Perpustakaan FSM Undip (Referensi) | Tersedia |
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