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Struktur Komunitas Kupu-Kupu Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu Jawa Tengah 577,3 EKOLOGI HUTAN

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ABSTRAK

Kupu-kupu berperan sebagai polinator tumbuhan dalam suatu ekosistem.
Hubungan antara kupu-kupu dengan tumbuhan dapat digunakan sebagai
bioindikator terhadap perubahan lingkungan di kawasan TN Gunung Merbabu.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas kupu-kupu meliputi,
komposisi, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman dan kemerataan jenis kupu-kupu,
membandingkan keanekaragaman dan kesamaan komunitas kupu-kupu di
berbagai tipe habitat serta status konservasi kupu-kupu di kawasan TN Gunung
Merbabu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September hingga November 2016
di empat tipe habitat yaitu hutan campuran, hutan pinus, hutan pegunungan dan
aliran sungai. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisis
data yang digunakan yaitu indeks kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks
kemerataan, uji hutchinson dan indeks kesamaan. Terdapat 454 individu yang
meliputi 61 spesies dan 6 famili. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis kupu-kupu di
kawasan TN Gunung Merbabu dikategorikan sedang dengan nilai indeks 2,11-
3,37. Ada perbedaan nyata keanekaragaman jenis kupu-kupu antara semua habitat
yang dibandingkan, kecuali hutan campuran dan hutan pegunungan. Indeks
kemerataan jenis pada seluruh stasiun pengamatan tersebar merata dengan nilai e
antara 0,66-0,93. Terdapat 11 spesies kupu-kupu dominan di TN Gunung
Merbabu, tetapi hanya Ypthima pandocus yang mendominasi di semua habitat
yang diteliti. Mycalesis moorei dan Mycalesis sudra dominan di semua habitat
hutan dan tidak dominan di habitat aliran sungai. Papilio peranthus dan Parantica
albata dominan dan hanya terdapat di habitat hutan pegunungan. Kesamaan
komuitas kupu-kupu antar habitat yang dibandingkan menunjukkan tingkat
kesamaan komunitas yang sedang. Satu jenis kupu-kupu berstatus IUCN Near
Threatened (Hampir terancam) yaitu Parantica albata dan tiga jenis termasuk
Least Concern (Beresiko rendah) yaitu Euploea eunice, Mycalesis janardana dan
Eurema brigitta.
Kata kunci: Kupu-kupu, struktur komunitas, status konservasi, TN Gunung Merbabu.v
ABSTRACT
Dian Ratna Sari. 24020112140090. Community Structure of Butterflies at
Merbabu Mountain National Park Central Java. Laboratory of Ecology and
Biosystematics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sains and Matematic,
Diponegoro University, Semarang, under the guidance of Mochamad Hadi
and Rully Rahadian.
Butterflies are insects that have very important role in the ecosystem, they are as a
pollinator of plants. Butterfly also can be used as a bio-indicator of environmental
quality. This study aims to determine the community structure of butterflies, to
compare the diversity and similarity of butterflies species in different types of
habitats and to determine conservation status of butterflies that have found in the
area of Merbabu Mountain National Park. This research was conducted in
September until November 2016 in four habitat types, i.e., mixed forests, pine
forests, mountain forests and streams. The study was conducted using a purposive
sampling method. The data analysis used abundance index, diversity index,
evenness index, Hutchinson test and similarity index. There are 454 individuals
wich includes 61 species and 6 families. Diversity of butterflies in the area of
Merbabu Mountain National Park can be categorized as moderate with the index
from 2,11 – 3,37. There are significant differences between the diversity of
butterflies among all the habitats, except mixed forest and mountain forests. Index
of evenness throughout the observation stations are spread between 0,66 to 0,93.
There are 11 dominant species of butterflies in Merbabu Mountain National Park,
but only Ypthima pandocus that dominates in all habitat, Mycalesis moorei and
Mycalesis sudra are dominant species in all forest habitats and it is not dominant
species in the habitat of the streams. Papilio peranthus and Parantica albata are
dominant species and only found in mountain forest habitat. The Similarity of
butterflies community that compare among all habitats were in average value.
There are one species, Parantica albata was categorized in Near Threatened
status based on IUCN and three species were in Least Concern status, i.e.,
Euploea eunice, Mycalesis janardana and Eurema brigitta.
Key word: Butterflies, community structure, conservation status, Merbabu Mountain National
Park

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Ketersediaan

1087B17II

577.3 DIA s

Perpustakaan FSM Undip (Referensi)

Tersedia

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

BIOLOGI

No. Panggil

577.3 DIA s

Penerbit

: ., 2017

Deskripsi Fisik

-

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

-

Klasifikasi

1542

Tipe Isi

-

Tipe Media

-

Tipe Pembawa

-

Edisi

-

Subjek

-

Info Detail Spesifik

-

Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

Dian Ratna Sari

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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